Parent-Child Relationships…

^Best title ever, right? 😉

The following post contains spoilers.

  • Parent-child relationships are central to Hamlet (by William Shakespeare). What do these relationships suggest about the roles of parents? About the roles of children? What about step-parents?

I feel that the relationships between parents and children in Hamlet suggest that children are meant to show great respect to or for their parents. In other words, they are supposed to see their parents in high regard and treat them as highly.

3-pelicula-hamlet-kenneth-branagh-trabalibros

When Hamlet’s father died, he was outraged at his mother’s remarriage to Claudius,  his uncle, not only because it was only two (if even) months after his father’s death, but also because Claudius’ presence overthrew his whole world: he was forbidden from returning to college, he was ordered to forget his grief and to accept Claudius as his new father, and even his own friends were spying on him (Rosencrantz and Guildenstern).

Now, the appearance of the ghost certainly did no wonders for Hamlet retaining his sanity, but it definitely solidified the evidence that Hamlet greatly respected his father (labelling it simply as love does not quite explain it fully; after all, you can love someone and not respect them or vice versa). Although he does not quite believe in the ghost at first, he quickly decides to “take the ghost’s word for a thousand pound” after Claudius ran away from the play he orchestrated (The Mousetrap) (III.ii.292-293).

So, you just told us Hamlet’s life story… your point? Well, as soon as he believes in the ghost, Hamlet begins to craft a big elaborate scheme to both prove Claudius guilty of killing his father and succeed with his revenge. He even goes so far as to pass up a perfectly good opportunity to kill Claudius to ensure that “his soul may be as damned and black as hell, whereto it goes” (III.iii.94-95). This reveals how devoted Hamlet is to revenging his father (and maybe also getting back at Claudius). Now, usually a person will take revenge for someone else if they respected them greatly or had some other close relationship with them, so I am assuming that Hamlet follows those general guidelines.

In Ophelia’s case, she gave up on Hamlet because her father, Polonius, “advised” (told) her not “to give words or talk with the Lord Hamlet” (I.iii.134). Afterwards, she is frightened when Hamlet approaches her seemingly in his madness, but continues to do as her father bid her, even though she says she loves him. To me, that at least shows that she is obedient and obedience normally requires a certain level of respect for the one you are obeying or, at the very least, a sense of inferiority.

Film and Television

Fortinbras is very similar to Hamlet in that his goal is to take back land from Denmark that his father had previously lost (and most likely died defending) as a form of revenge… or redemption. Anyway, since Denmark had quite a few good connections and his own uncle (the old king of Norway, old meaning elderly) did not support him, it is implied that he had some form of respect or sense of responsibility inherited from his father to get the land back.

Pretty much, the children are meant to obey their parents over following through with their own thoughts and opinions. Although, the main exceptions seem to be when it came to their mothers. As seen with Gertrude, Hamlet did not particularly respect her, mainly because she married his uncle a short time after his father had died AND his uncle turned out to have murdered his father. He even tells her that despite her being his mother, he “would it were not so” (III.iv. 17).

In Ophelia, Laertes, and Fortinbras’ cases, their mothers are simply never in the picture, so there isn’t really anything to compare with them.

As far as step-parents… well, to keep it short and sweet, the play suggests that they tend to be disrespected and disliked, especially when they try to become an influence to replace the dead parent (like when Claudius told Hamlet to think of him as his father and forget his grief).

Kenneth Branagh in Hamlet

Grass Ties

john-william-waterhouse-ophelia-1345239159_b

Ophelia (1894)

So, while searching for images inspired by Hamlet, I came across this painting of Ophelia by John William Waterhouse.

Apparently, it is not his only painting of Ophelia, as he has, at the very least, two others. One made in 1889 and the other in 1910.

jww_ophelia_1889

Ophelia (1889)

ophelia_1910

Ophelia (1910)

There is a third that is called Gather Ye Rosebuds, which may or may not be a study of Ophelia as well.

gather_ye_rosebuds_-_ophelia

Gather Ye Rosebuds or Ophelia (a study) (1908)

I will be mostly speaking about the first painting in this post, but I thought it was interesting that he had so many different interpretations. (My source for the above was Wikipedia 😉 )

So, this painting (see right to refresh your memory 🙂 ) john-william-waterhouse-ophelia-1345239159_bappears to depict Ophelia before her death, described by the words:

There is a willow grows askant the brook

That shows his hoar leaves in the glassy stream:

Therewith fantastic garlands did she make

Of crowflowers, nettles, daisies, and long purples,

I know that the quote kind of cuts off… but, I thought this excerpt best fit the image that Waterhouse depicted in his painting. Although, cornflowers, daisies, and nettles seem to be what most of her garlands are made of. I really don’t see any long purples.

long purples

nettles

crowflower?

Okay, to be honest I’m not entirely sure which flower is supposed to be a crowflower, but I think that the picture I found is the safest bet, so I went with it.

I left out a picture of a daisy since they are a pretty common symbol/image/flower used nowadays in pretty much everything you can think of. (Example: typical bouquets/gift baskets, as a cute/girly image for marketing products, etc.)

The exact medium of this painting is oil on canvas, and I believe it is held in a private collection at present, but my sources (the Internet, all-powerful and all-knowing) could be wrong (I didn’t check to see when the information was last updated).

I read somewhere on the World Wide Web that his three paintings of Ophelia represent the events leading up to her death (her youth, when she was in love, and when she went insane), so that might point towards why each painting seems to be an almost completely different interpretation of Ophelia and what she is supposed to be like.

Anyway, I like Waterhouse’s depictions of Ophelia because he emphasizes her close relationship to nature and flowers, making her a much more interesting character than if you just read the play without analyzing it (which makes her seem much more bland). In fact, I didn’t quite realize her connection with nature until after I saw all three of these paintings together.

Also, you know how Hamlet’s famous “to be or not to be” speech is supposed to be about him contemplating suicide? Well, looking at this painting one way, it almost seems like Ophelia is going through the same thing with her aloofness and separation from the rest of the world. Looking at it another way, it might seem like Ophelia’s eventual fate (if you believe she committed suicide) was because of a loss of her will to live after her father was killed by Hamlet, who was supposed to love her and whom she may or may not have loved. And her aloofness in the painting is not caused by her contemplating her demise, but about her contemplating her love for Hamlet, or even her following through with her brother and fathers’ requests for her to stay away from him.

If you do not believe she committed suicide, but rather fell into the water by accident during her madness, this scene explains why she would have been there in the first place: because it was a favorite place of hers to rest and maybe enjoy the scenery, to be at peace. Maybe it even calmed her down to be there. (See? Nature.)

If you do not believe she committed suicide and do not believe she was really crazy, this scene could depict her moments before she died and it may have been that she was pushed in to the water (murdered) by Horatio (who was sent to watch her by Claudius) or even Claudius himself because they viewed her as a hindrance. They may even have knocked her over the head first, which would explain why, if she was not truly insane, she was unable to save herself before she drowned.

Another option is that her food was poisoned, which led to her falling into the water. After all, I’m sure all of us who have read Hamlet are very aware of Claudius’ love for poisons. Claudius may even have foreseen that it would enrage Laertes (her brother) further, and took steps to ensure that Ophelia would not survive long after her father’s death.

I say all this, but it’s all pure speculation. Since Ophelia’s death is not explicitly explained in the play, all of these are equally possible in my mind, and there are even more possibilities that I have left unexplored. In the end, it all comes down to which scenario you choose to believe.

The Stripes and The Lion

Okay, time to talk about my cats….

I have two and they’re both adorable and I love them. Belang is the oldest (and the smallest); she is a short-haired tabby. Singa is the youngest (and the biggest) and she is a long-haired Maine Coon.

We got Belang in 2007 (I think). My family had just finished relocating and me and my brother had been very hopeful that this tragedy to our lives would result in a new member of our family (a pet). For a while, my mother considered getting a rabbit, but we decided it would be too much work. I kind of wanted a bird, but after my dad explained how a pet bird would be kept in a cage and never allowed to fly free and happy; I stopped asking.

In the end, my brother and I returned to our original preference: a cat. We checked out books and books about the caring of cats (and rabbits just in case). Then, in March of 2007, we took a trip to the shelter.IMG_1329

It was a rainy day, although I would like to believe that it was sunny. The sky was grey with clouds, but it was one of those surprisingly bright cloudy days. You know, where its brighter outside than it is inside, but not by much. It wasn’t raining very hard, just a few big drops here and there and once in a while a downpour.

We got to the shelter reasonably early. Nobody else was there, which made it feel kind of special. My brother and I were super-excited, as you might expect, and not even our father’s repeated “We’re only going in to look” couldn’t put us down. We knew that it would be pretty easy to convince him otherwise once we found the perfect cat.

The shelter looked pretty normal and unassuming as we walked up to it. I remember being surprised at how small it appeared inside. A lady at the front desk took us to the next room which was full with rows and rows of cages all along one wall filled with cats of varying ages and colors. Almost immediately, a small cat started meowing at the cage bars and rubbing up against them. I would like to say that me and my brother immediately were smitten with the small cat; however, we looked at the other cats first.

One of them was extremely fluffy and seemed to always be annoyed. Her name according to the cage label was Jojo, and she was already claimed; her owner was coming back for her later. Another cat, Midnight, was all black with short fur that looked extremely soft. I wanted to take her out to see if she was as soft as she looked, but the shelter lady only let us take out one cat at a time and I had to settle for futilely trying to stick my fingers through the bars far enough to touch her.

My brother became extremely attached to a male orange tabby by the name of Cricket who was in the middle-age years of his life. He spent the entire time playing with him and coaxing purrs out of the tabby.

After being rudely rejected by Jojo, my mother had opened the cage of the friendly small cat and almost immediately it latched onto her shirt with its claws. While my father tried to help extricate my mother from the cat, me and my brother looked at the cat’s label. It read “Angelique”, which we mispronounced as “Ann-jell-ih-koo”. Honestly our version was a prettier IMG_1544name, in my opinion, but we didn’t figure out the true pronunciation until quite some time later.

The label and the shelter lady said that she was around 6 months old, but my dad, knowledgeable animal whisperer that he is, thought she was younger than that. We put her back in the cage to look around some more, but me and my brother knew that it had already been decided. We had won. We were getting our first cat.

Back home, we tried to come up with a new name for her (the shelter people told us she was a she). We ran a few names through our heads, many of them focused on her stripes and her tabby-ness. If I remember correctly, Ginger was one of the choices, as well as Socks, but we decided against them in favor of “Belang”, meaning stripes in Indonesian.

A few years later, we got Singa at a pet store during one of the “Adoption Days”. This was in 2011 and we weren’t planning on getting a cat when we went there. Our original plan was to get cat food.

It was a nicer day than the day we got Belang; there were clouds in the sky, but they didn’t cover the sun as completely as before and there was a light breeze, but not too much.

Our father was telling my brother and I about how the other day he had seen this black kitten up for adoption with little white paws that was extremely sweet, and when we asked why he hadn’t gotten it he said it was simply because “we already have a cat”.

As usual, in the pet store we split off. My dad to get cat food and litter, and me and my brother to go look at the pets that were always there. To our delight, a shelter group for cats had set up near the entrance and we were able to go and visit those there.

Almost immediately, she caught our eye. She was reasonably young and had the fluffiest fur we had ever seen on a cat. My brother and I were overjoyed, me especially… because of… reasons….

Anyway, these ladies were much more… how to say it nicely… rude… brisk… and extremely impatient compared to the other shelter people I had had experience with before. But I didn’t let this bother me and instead focused on the wonderfulness of a fluffy kitty!!!!

So, I’m sure many of you are familiar with the begging and pleading that follows the discovery of a pet that is dearly wanted. Well, ours went something like that, although my brother and I had to be a bit more creative with our arguments (you know, it gets harder each time you get something you want). Our mother had wanted a lap cat, and we demonstrated how calm the cat was and how she would let us pick her up and hold her without complaining. She even stayed in our lap after we put her there. Our father told us it was up to mom, partially because (so he said) he was still weak after seeing that kitten.

In the end, we got her and took her home. As usual, we got rid of her old name “Lily” and on the way home came up with a new one for her. Scarily enough, Fluffy was high on the very short list of names and for some reason “Singa”, meaning lion in Indonesian, wasn’t really a big candidate. However, it stuck in the end and that’s what we called her.

Now, I’m sure you’re wondering: “How did the other cat react?”. Well, I can assure you that they weren’t happy to discover they were sharing lodgings. Belang is a very tolerant cat, but she’s lazy too. After several BelangRoundyears of eating her fill and then sleeping it off, involving very little movement in her life, it was a big shock for her to suddenly realize that she had competition.

Meanwhile, mild-mannered Singa turned out to not actually be that mild-mannered and actually had quite a temper. Apparently, the shelter people had drugged her to make her more complacent when they moved her around and she recovered right around the time when we took her home and set her loose.

Belang and Singa hit it off right away with Singa deciding it would be most fun to chase Belang around the house on a day to day basis. This obviously got Belang back into shape real fast, but it was still a bit uncertain who ruled supreme.

You’d think that Singa would be the new cat in charge after this, but a few weeks in, Belang began fighting back. Every once in a while you’d here skittering and thumps and it would be Belang chasing Singa instead of the other way around.

Oh yeah, here’s the best part. I’ve established that Singa is extremely fluffy, right? Well, she also has fur on the bottom of her paws….

….Aaannnddd most of the floor in our house is tile or wood….

….Sooooo…. Whenever she runs, she goes one direction just fine, but whenever she tries to turn, you hear skitter-skitter thump!

She can’t actually turn and just slides until she hits a wall, then she gets up and keeps running. It used to scare us, but now its common place. Kind of like how Belang makes yowls when she’s lonely.

oh oh. Funny story: My aunts (on my mom’s side) came to visit and one time they were alone in their room and all the lights were off accept for the ones in their room. Then they heard a ghost and freaked out.

Now, the truth of the matter was that it was my cat (Belang) yowling because she was sad… but they didn’t find that out until later and were quite freaked out by it. Ever since, my mother’s younger sister has been terrified of Belang, when she should really be scared of Singa (she’s the one that bites).IMG_1867

 

 

Hypatia of Alexandria

Hi! I’m back! Anyway, recently I was looking around on the net and I became interested in a woman mathematician, philosopher, and astronomer (maybe? I’m not sure about that last one) by the name of Hypatia. I looked up her background on several different sites, which each happened to have several conflicting points, but the following is what I was eventually able to derive as most likely fact. In the chance that some of my information is wrong, I would really appreciate if somebody would correct me in the comments or something.hypatia_1882_portrait_by_seifert

So, Hypatia of Alexandria was born some time between 350 and 370 A.D. (I bet there is a debate about which date is correct somewhere on the web) and died in 415 A.D. . She was the daughter of mathematician and astronomer Theon and her mother is unknown. Hypatia may also have had a brother, but only a few of the sites I visited mentioned that possibility. She is known as one of the first women in recorded history to have made substantial contributions to the development of mathematics.

Theon, Hypatia’s father, taught her mathematics, and she was also educated in Athens. Hypatia established herself as a Neoplatonic philosopher and even became the leader of the Platonist school in Alexandria. Her supposed paganism (in reality just her close linkage to learning and science) would eventually lead to her being branded as a witch and being brutally murdered by a mob of Christian enthusiasts.

Hypatia’s death was brutal and the reasons for her death differ. Most sources claim that Hypatia was killed as a combined result of her expansive knowledge, her paganism in the eyes of the growing Christian faith, and her status as a single unmarried woman. What I do know is that around the time of her death, there was a feud between Orestes, prefect of Alexandria, and Cyril, the Bishop of Alexandria. Apparently Orestes often relied on Hypatia’s counseling and because of this, several politically influential people became jealous of her influence and spread rumors that she was the reason Orestes and Cyril couldn’t reconcile. So, a mob kidnapped her, dragged her to a church, killed her with tiles, and then burned her remains.

Hypatia’s scientific contributions are said to include the invention of the hydrometer, the charting of celestial bodies, and the construction of an improved astrolabe (by her student). However, the hydrometer was invented before Hypatia was born and was already known during her life. Also, it is not certain if her student, Synesius actually did build a better astrolabe.katie_mcgrath_as_hypatia__agora

Although Hypatia was a popular teacher, many of her works are thought to have been collaborative efforts with her father; the following is a partial list of her works according to several authors: a commentary on the 13-volume Arithmetica by Diophantus, a commentary on the Conics of Apollonius, edited the existing version of Ptolemy’s Almagest, edited her father’s commentary on Euclid’s Elements, wrote“The Astronomical Canon”. Sadly, all of her works were lost, except for their titles and some references to them, and none of her known works appear to be purely philosophical.

Some people who were important and influential during Hypatia’s life (but not necessarily alive) include Plotinus and Iamblichus, as well as her own father, Theon. Some people who were alive during her life and important in history (but not necessarily influential or important to Hypatia) include Sun Tzu (of China) and Proclus Lycaeus (of Greece).

Today, Hypatia has become a symbol and a martyr for feminists, atheists, and some groups of non-Christians. She is also a character in several plays, works of fiction, and the heroine in the movie Agora.

Some of the sites I looked at include:

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypatia

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_mathematics

http://www.smithsonianmag.com/womens-history/hypatia-ancient-alexandrias-great-female-scholar-10942888/?all

http://www-history.mcs.st-and.ac.uk/Biographies/Hypatia.html

And this last one is a poster/web comic with a bunch of people who contributed to science in some way:

http://zenpencils.com/comic/152-on-the-shoulders-of-giants-the-science-all-stars-poster/

 

 

Family Tree

Now, everybody has a family tree. Yes, yes? Even if you do not know anything about it, it’s still there. Some people have particularly illustrious family trees, say, they’re related to the first Queen Elizabeth of Great Britain. Others have… well, I guess most people would call them “normal” family trees where their parents’ parents’ parents did what everyone else did at the time, grew up, got a job, maybe moved, and eventually had kids.

Now, while most people say that these peoples’ ancestors were “normal”, I really think that the so called “normal” families should really get more fame than those who are well known. Sure, it is cool to be related to President Abraham Lincoln by his mother’s secondtree cousin or something, but to me, it does not have as lasting an impression on me as someone whose parents’  parents’ parents migrated to a new place, then struggled to survive in a new environment, meet new people, make new friends, adjust to a new culture.

When you think about it, these kinds of people struggled more and achieved much more than the people who became “exceptional” according to the history books. They are a much bigger part of the past then the few who made an impact on the future. In fact, they probably made an even bigger impact than those who are remembered. Would Abraham Lincoln’s role in the abolishment of slavery even matter if not for the support of most of the general populace who fought the war and died in it? If our ancestors had not made the same choices or lived the same lives, would you or I even be here, today?

I’m talking about this because my family is special in this kind of way. My mother is an Asian woman from the other side of the world, and my father is American born and a very confusing mix of European ethnicities.

Because of the part of Asia my mom’s original family is from, whenever people see her, they always have to guess where she’s from, and they rarely guess right. My dad has this special look about him that often results in people confusing where he’s from. The most common guess is that he’s from Spain and speaks Spanish very fluently, and this is as far from the truth as you could get without going over to the Western Hemisphere.

bird drawingWhenever I’m asked to tell people about who my ancestors were, the first ones I talk about is not the “white” side of my family, but rather the Asian side. Part of the reason may be because I can gather more facts about my Asian side than my Caucasian side, but I think it is also because I find the struggles my Asian grandparents, or actually grandparent, had to go through more riveting than the bland textbook facts that my grandfather on my dad’s side had an ancestor on his mother’s side who was a direct descendant of either Lewis or Clark (pretty sure it was Lewis, but I’m not entirely sure) from the Lewis and Clark Expedition.

Anyway, so on my mom’s side, the farthest back that we know about is her father. My grandfather had a very hard life. He was born into a poor Chinese family and was sold into a richer Chinese family that migrated to Indonesia. Since the rich Chinese family had two other sons, he was treated badly and more like a pet than an actual human. As a result, he grew up poor despite living with a rich family, and eventually made a living off of selling candies on the street. At some point he met my grandmother and married her and they had two sons and five daughters, one of which was adopted by one of my grandmother’s friends who couldn’t have children. Eventually, my grandfather was able to work his way up the social ranks andindonesian-dove create a successful company from scratch. My grandmother had several siblings and didn’t work until after she married my grandfather, when she did work, it was in the family business. All in all, they were as happy as an average married couple.

How I Met Your Mother: Episode 5, “The Blessing” *

When my father wanted to marry my mother, my grandfather on my mother’s side was originally against it. My grandfather didn’t want my mother to marry an American who couldn’t speak the language or teach it to his kids, so my father promised to do both (learn the language and teach it to his kids) so that my grandfather would give him his blessing. Now, I can more or less speak the language, but my dad’s understanding of it is based almost entirely on repeating what is said to him. It seems like he understands exactly what is being said to him, and, I concede, he definitely understands most of it, but his vocabulary is actually very limited. My immediate family is the only partially white part of my mother’s Chinese Indonesian family, and I think that even during the last few years of my grandfather’s life, he didn’t regret his choice to give my father his blessing.

*Yes, I realize that there is an actual series called How I Met Your Mother, but this is not it. It is just a short background story about my father meeting my grandfather. Once again, this has nothing to do with the actual TV series.


 

Anyway, back to my father’s family. On my paternal grandfather’s side, the farthest back I know about is the link back to an Italian village.I know that we still have “family” there, with some of the same genetics, the same last name, and the same origins, but I have never met any of them, and their part of the family has probably long forgotten about my great-grandfather who decided to migrate from Italy to the newly formed United States.

So far it has been established that my grandfather is more than half Italian, and less than Lithuanianbutterflyhalf British. My grandmother on my father’s side is Scottish and Lithuanian. Her father was Scottish and her mother was Lithuanian. However, I don’t really know much about her family either, except that her Lithuanian side was nobility. So, this makes my dad about half Italian, and part Scottish, Lithuanian, and British.

When I think about it, I know almost nothing about my ancestors past one or two generations. Probably because those in the nearer generation to mine had a greater and more immediate influence on me than the ones farther back. I also kind of never tried to figure out much about them before now, so that might have been part of the problem, too.

So, this is what I know of my family tree. I still feel like the supposedly “normal” part of my family, the part with no famous/well-known person as an ancestor (and Genghis Khan does not count because almost everybody is related to him anyway), had a much more interesting background because of the struggles they had to endure and the hard work they put into building up their life to become successful. I’m not saying that the part of my family with “old-blood” is boring or anything, I just can relate better to the ones who I have a deeper understanding of.